Monday, April 04, 2011

puff April 29

April 29 Friday
Te whare miere
Kaupapa korero mo te ra nei
Metiria Turei
Rangahau
He aha te korero mo Meteria Turei inaianei? Ka pai te haere o te Torangapu Kakariki a te wa poti?
Subject of the day
Meteria Turei
Analysis
What’s the story with Meteria now? Will the Greens do well at the next election?
www.greens.org.nz/
Saturday April 30: “Te Awa - The River” exhibition opens at Te Manawa

This brand-new exhibition tells the story of the Manawatū River – the heart of our community. Water is crucial for life, and Te Awa – The River celebrates the Manawatū River as a symbol of the interdependence of all living things. Learn about the properties of water, explore the cave and climbing wall, come face to face with live – and long-dead – creatures, and see what happens when the river bursts its banks. Perhaps most importantly of all, discover how your actions affect our river and the lives of all those who depend upon it. Free Entry.



Saturday and Sunday April 30 & May 1: Habitat Restoration in the Rangitikei

Sycamore trees invaded this river terrace bush remnant more than 70 years ago. All the adult sycamore trees are gone and most of the seedlings and saplings now too and a planting programme is underway.



Depending on moisture levels, we will be either planting trees or spending time in the bush removing sycamores and other weeds. Come on either day or the whole weekend. Accommodation and shared transport can be arranged. For more info phone Sally on 359 4326 or email coordinator@environmentnetwork.org .nz



Friday May 6: Reel Earth Environmental Film Festival 2011 from 6th to the 18th May

Coming up is held in Palmerston North is the 7th Season of Australasia’s largest film festival with an environment and nature focus

Events include:

Reel Earth Sustainability Expo - Saturday May 14th in the Square
Awards event in the magnificent Regent Theatre - Saturday 14th May
Seminars and workshops
Visiting filmmakers
For more information http://www.reelearth.org.nz/



Friday May 13: Dr Mike Joy The 100% pure, clean green myth

Environmental Issues and Debates: Massey talks Sustainability

Time: 12.30 to 1.30pm

Venue: Sound and Vision Zone, Palmerston North City Library



Notices



The PNCC Draft Annual Plan 2011/12 – now open for submissions

The actual services and projects for the Council next year - and hence the amount of rates needed to fund them - will depend on the feedback received.

Download the Draft Annual Plan, or the shortened Summary version from http://www.pncc.govt.nz/YourCouncil/CouncilActivities/PublicConsultation/Detail.aspx?id=144330

Or pick up a hard copy from the Council or from the City and branch libraries.



Community meetings are being held between April 5th and April 13th - these meetings are a really good opportunity to ask questions of PNCC representatives and to give feedback. See attachment for the meeting schedule details. Also available on page 10 of the Summary.



Submissions close at 4.00pm on Friday, 29 April 2011. Hearings will take place during 12-17 May. For other queries, contact Tracey Boukhelida on 356 8199, ext 8243 or by email at tracey.boukhelida@pncc.govt.nz



Horizons Regional Council, Manawatu District Council and the Horowhenua District Council – soon to release their draft annual plans

Following release, draft plans will be made available on the council websites and through their offices



Plan consultation dates:

Local authority
Release date
Closing date

Horizons
April 7
May 7

MDC
April 7
May 9

HDC
April 19
Unknown




Sustainable Manawatu is in the process of becoming a Trust – become a member!.

They are seeking to establish a membership from which to elect Trust Board members. Members would be expected to attend Annual General Meetings of Sustainable Manawatu , if able, and to have an interest in the concerns of Sustainable Manawatu . If you wish to become an inaugural member of Sustainable Manawatu Trust, you can sign up by clicking on this link and filling in the form: http://www.sustainablemanawatu.org.nz/become-a-member
There is no fee for inaugural members of Sustainable Manawatu , though a small annual fee may be charged in future. For further information, please contact Margi Mitcalfe at consultant@sustainablemanawatu.org.nz



Palmerston North City Environmental Trust is seeking trustees

Advertisement:

“The Palmerston North City Environmental Trust initiates and supports projects focused on environmental sustainability in the local community, and provides advocacy and education.

If you are a team player with a passion for a healthier planet, who will donate time toward making a positive difference in their City, and who has strong networks in the local community – then we want to hear from you!”



Expressions of interest to pncet.info@gmail.com

For more info visit www.pncet.org.nz



PNCET also welcomes applications for financial assistance for innovative and environmentally-focused community-led projects in Palmerston North.



Do you know an Environmental Champion? 2011 Green Ribbon Awards: Make a nomination!

The Green Ribbon Awards are presented by the Minister for the Environment to recognise the outstanding contributions of individuals, organisations, businesses and communities to protecting and enhancing New Zealand 's environment.



Do you know of a deserving recipient? If so you have until Friday 15 April to nominate them! More info at http://www.mfe.govt.nz/withyou/awards/green-ribbon.html



Keep Tracking On with DOC - Manawatu Rangitikei Area newsletter - March 2011 issue now available

Lots of local conservation news! This issue and past issues can be downloaded at

http://www.doc.govt.nz/about-doc/news/newsletters/keep-tracking-on-with-doc-palmerston-north/



Please email me if you no longer wish to receive this newsletter



Sally Pearce

Environmental Coordinator

Environment Network Manawatu

www.environmentnetwork.org.nz



Phone 06 355 0126

P.O. Box 1271
Friday 29 April 2011
City Council Consultation: Draft Annual Plan 2011/12 - Submissions Due
When: Friday 29 April 2011 at
Where: Palmerston North
Details: The Draft Annual Plan is year three of the 10 Year Plan. It is a one-year document that shows what we’re intending to do, and how much it is expected to cost to implement year three.

To view the Draft Annual Plan online: [link]

Submissions are due April 29th, 2011.
Submission info and online submissions can be done at: [link]

Friday 29 April 2011
1900 - Just Zilch Free Store Public Meeting
When: Friday 29 April 2011 at 1900 - Ends: Friday 29 April 2011 at 2100
Where: GCF Lounge 174 Church Street
Details: A public meeting held by the Just Zilch people. Just Zilch is a free store, using surplus food waste to feed people for free, which will be opening in Fitzherbert Street where Gulf used to be. If you want more information and/or would like to be involved, come along. [link]

Saturday 30 April 2011
“Te Awa - The River” exhibition opens at Te Manawa
When: Saturday 30 April 2011 at
Where: Te Manawa Art Gallery, Palmerston North
Details: This brand-new exhibition tells the story of the Manawatū River – the heart of our community. Water is crucial for life, and Te Awa – The River celebrates the Manawatū River as a symbol of the interdependence of all living things. Learn about the properties of water, explore the cave and climbing wall, come face to face with live – and long-dead – creatures, and see what happens when the river bursts its banks. Perhaps most importantly of all, discover how your actions affect our river and the lives of all those who depend upon it.
Free Entry.

More information at: [link]

Saturday 30 April 2011

Invitation

I am writing on behalf of the Sustainable Manawatu Task Force to invite you to the Inaugural General Meeting of Sustainable Manawatu Trust.

The meeting will be held at Green Hub, 160 Rangitikei Street , Palmerston North, on Wednesday, 11th May from 5:30pm onwards.

This will be an opportunity for members to elect nominated Trustees onto the Sustainable Manawatu Trust Board. Nominations for elections for Trustees shall be received by Sustainable Manawatu ’s Task Force not less than forty eight hours prior to the time of the Inaugural General Meeting. To nominate a Trustee (even yourself) kindly click here .

From 5:30pm onwards, prior to the commencement of the Inaugural General Meeting, you will be able to hear about highlights of the Reel Earth Film Festival, and some film excerpts will be screened. There will be drinks and nibbles and the opportunity for socialising with like-minded folk prior to the meeting which will begin at 6pm.

We welcome you to come and celebrate this milestone with us, for a vibrant and sustainable Manawatu.

If you are not currently a member of Sustainable Manawatu Trust, and would like to be, please sign up by clicking on this link and filling in the form: http://www.sustainablemanawatu.org.nz/become-a-member

Margaret Metcalfe

Chair
Sustainable Manawatu Task Force

puff April 28

April 28 Thursday
Te ao toi
Kaupapa o te ra
Tanemahuta Gray
Rangahau
He korero mo Tanemahuta Gray me tana koha kit e Ao Toi.
Subject of the day
Tanemahuta Gray
Analysis
A discussion of Tanemahuta gray and his contribution to the world of the arts.
www.wicked.org.nz/r/wick_ed/cool/archives/tanemahuta.php
Environment Aotearoa 15
Chinese Banks and Petrobas
Last week an attempt was made in this column to look at the big picture of the exploration for oil in the Raukumara area by Petrobas. Today’s Post concentrates on the international aspects of Petrobas itself and searches for international analogies to this exploration.
The exploration is being done in international waters. There are issues regarding the boarding of boats by New Zealand forces like the Police and the Navy if those boats are sailing under the flags of other nations.
The flags themselves need to be analysed. In the case of Petrobas the registration of the company is done in Brazil, the company’s country of origin. But who owns Petrobas? Bloomberg reports a several large loans by Chinese banks to the company.
Is Petrobas a Chinese front? There may be an analogy with what is going on in Australia where the Chinese seem to be using Australia as their own resource farm.
In these cases the Chinese concerns run such things as open cast mines on the ground in Australia and control the resource from point of origin through production to sales and consumption. The BBC’s Hardtalk programme has recently featured this.
What is the extent of the Chinese need for petroleum resources? If they ‘own’ outfits like Petrobas- if the Chinese banks own the debts of Petrobas- how much pressure is Petrobas going to be under in this exploration exercise?
One sobering feature of al, this is the extent of the exposure by Petrobas to Chinese banks. This exposure is, as reported by Bloomberg, reckoned in billions.
The scale of all this is hard to comprehend. New Zealand is, by comparison, a small player. Te Whanau a Apanui and China? What are we getting into here?

puff April 27

April 27 Wednesday
Te ao paho
Kaupapa korero mo te ra
Nga teihana hakinakina.
Rangahau
He korero mo nga teihana hakinakina pena i a Radio Sport.
Subject of the day
The sports stations
Analysis
A discussion of the sports stations like Radio Sport
www.radiosport.co.nz/
Wednesday April 27: Sustainable Rangitikei Meeting – solar and wind power

Based in Marton Sustainable Rangitikei is a very active group with an expanding membership that meets monthly. They welcome visits from people outside the Rangitikei.

This month Raymond Cameron from Cameron and Sun is their speaker, talking about Solar Power. He will be joined by Max Varney, regaling attendees with his exploits getting a windmill established on his Marton property.

For information on time and venue please contact Michelle michelle.bisset@xtra.co.nz
Wednesday 27 April 2011
1000 - Horizons Regional Council Meeting
When: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 1000 - Ends: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 1200
Where: Tararua Room, Regional House
Details: Horizons Regional Council: Regional Council Meeting

Wednesday April 27 at 10am

[link]

Wednesday 27 April 2011
1900 - Sustainable Rangitikei Meeting
When: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 1900 - Ends: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 2100
Where: 373 Wellington Road, Marton (the old Marton School Dental Clinic)
Details: Raymond Cameron from Cameron and Sun is this month’s speaker, talking about Solar Power. He will be joined by our own Max Varney, regaling us with his exploits getting a windmill established on his Marton property.
Unfortunately, we have been unable to facilitate a visit to the Hautapu power station but don’t miss our own “powerful” meeting.

Contact Michelle at(06)327-6006 to confirm meeting time.

Wednesday 27 April 2011
1900 - Palmerston North City Council Meeting
When: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 1900 - Ends: Wednesday 27 April 2011 at 2100
Where: Civic Administration Building, The Square
Details: Palmerston North City Council Meeting

Wednesday April 27 at 7pm

[link]
Once in a while a truly brilliant article from Dr Mercola. This on sunscreen and sunglasses
How Supermodel Gisele Bundchen "Infuriated Cancer Experts"... Posted By Dr. Mercola | April 22 2011 | 138,445 views | Disponible en Español Share9082
Email to a friend : 2050
PreviousNextResearchers at the Environmental Working Group, a Washington-based nonprofit, released their annual report claiming nearly half of the 500 most popular sunscreen products may actually increase the speed at which malignant cells develop and spread skin cancer because they contain vitamin A and its derivatives, retinol and retinyl palmitate.

Furthermore, the FDA has known about the dangers of vitamin A in sunscreens since ordering a study 10 years ago, but has done nothing to alert the public of the dangers.

"Retinyl palmitate was selected by (FDA's) Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition for photo-toxicity and photocarcinogenicity testing based on the increasingly widespread use of this compound in cosmetic retail products for use on sun-exposed skin," said an October 2000 report by the National Toxicology Program.

According to AOL news, other problems with sunscreens include:

•The use of the hormone-disrupting chemical oxybenzone, which penetrates the skin and enters the bloodstream.
•Overstated claims about performance.
•The lack of needed regulations and oversight by the Food and Drug Administration.
Also, be careful where you discuss the danger involved with sunscreens. Brazilian supermodel Gisele Bundchen has reportedly "infuriated cancer experts" by describing sunscreen as "poison".

Bundchen refuses to use it on herself or her family because of the chemicals they contain. According to the Daily Mail:

"[Bundchen] made the comments at the launch of her own organic skin care range, which presumably doesn't include sun care lotions."

Bundchen, incidentally, is currently the highest paid supermodel in the world. She also has said that it should be against the law for healthy mothers to give their baby infant formula full of sugar, and often soy.
Sources:
Daily Mail February 4, 2011

AOL News May 24, 2010

Environmental Working Group’s 2010 Sunscreen Guide



Dr. Mercola's Comments:


The FDA is once again on the wrong side of consumer safety, just as they have been time and time again when they allow dangerous drugs onto the market that end up killing people and are later recalled.

Failing to alert consumers of the dangers of vitamin A and its derivatives in sunscreens falls in line with the FDA's seemingly endless ability to protect their big business "clients" at the expense of public safety. In this case the manufacturers of sunscreens are the beneficiaries of the FDA's inability or unwillingness to publish their own vitamin A safety research that they conducted over 10 years ago in 2000.

For a long list of other FDA debacles through the years, just put "FDA" into my search box at the very top of this, or any page at mercola.com.

Is Sunscreen Really a Necessity?
Let's consider a question that naturally arises out of this latest failure by the FDA – do you even need to use sunscreen in the first place?

The answer is "maybe", and only when you can't control how much sun you are exposed to. For instance, if you work outdoors all day as part of your job, or if you need to protect sensitive areas of your face, like around your eyes, that are particularly susceptible to photoaging and not that large a surface area to impact vitamin D levels if blocked with sunscreen.

But you certainly don't want to use most of the commercially available sunscreens under any condition as they not only block your body's ability to produce vitamin D, they're also loaded with toxic chemicals. More about that in a minute.

However, sunscreens available in most health food stores, and the one we sell on our site, are safe to use when the need arises.

The fact is, getting safe sun exposure every day is actually one of the best things you can do for your health. Sun exposure allows your body to naturally produce your own supply of vitamin D, and experts agree that this is the best form of vitamin D available.

The point to remember is that once your skin turns the lightest shade of pink (if you're Caucasian), it's time to get out of the sun. Past this point of exposure your body will not produce any more vitamin D and you'll begin to have sun damage. And sunburn anywhere on your body is never good for your health.

The Benefits of Vitamin D
First of all, vitamin D plays a crucial role in your overall health and well-being. If you've spent any time on my site at all, you know that I'm a firm advocate for optimizing your vitamin D levels.

For example, this superb nutrient is known to:

Support your cardiovascular health Support healthy kidney function
Enhance your muscle strength Promote healthy teeth
Help produce optimal blood pressure levels Help keep your bones strong and healthy
Help maintain a healthy immune system


Please understand -- this list of important benefits represents a fraction of the many ways vitamin D helps optimize your health. And, although you can obtain vitamin D from natural food sources, experts agree on one thing:

Sunlight is by far the best way to get your vitamin D. The so-called experts who advise you to avoid all sunlight and religiously apply sunscreen are actually encouraging you to increase your risk of cancer, not lower it…

The key is to find a healthy balance between getting enough natural sunlight to maximize your vitamin D production and maintain your optimal health, while at the same time protecting yourself from damage that occurs from overexposure to the sun.

Sun Exposure Can Protect You Against Cancer
Over the years, several studies have already confirmed that appropriate sun exposure actually helps prevent skin cancer. In fact, melanoma occurrence has been found to decrease with greater sun exposure, and can be increased by sunscreens.

One such study revealed that melanoma patients who had higher levels of sun exposure were less likely to die than other melanoma patients, and patients who already had melanoma and got a lot of sun exposure were prone to a less aggressive tumor type.

Another Italian study, published in the European Journal of Cancer in June 2008, also confirms and supports earlier studies showing improved survival rates in melanoma patients who were exposed to sunlight more frequently in the time before their melanoma was diagnosed.

Also, Melanoma is actually more common in indoor workers than in outdoor workers, and is more common on regions of your body that are not exposed to the sun at all. Additionally, UVB radiation has been found to delay the appearance of melanoma if you are genetically predisposed or prone to skin cancer.

To Prevent Skin Damage You Have to Protect Against the Most Damaging Rays
Ultraviolet light from the sun comes in two main wavelengths – UVA and UVB. It's important for you to understand the difference between them, and your risk factors from each.

Consider UVB the 'good form' that helps your skin produce vitamin D.

UVA is considered the 'bad form' because it penetrates your skin more deeply and causes more free radical damage. Not only that, but UVA rays are quite constant during ALL hours of daylight, throughout the entire year -- unlike UVB, which are low in morning and evening, and high at midday.

If you've ever gotten a scorching sunburn on a cloudy day, you now understand why; it's from the deeply penetrating UVA!

Since UVA's are inherently more damaging AND persistently high during all daylight hours, wearing a sunscreen that doesn't protect you from UVA is going to give you virtually no benefit, and be detrimental to your overall health. So the first thing to understand about using sunscreen, when applicable, is to make certain you are actually getting UVA protection.

A Better Alternative to Sunscreen
One of the best strategies to protect yourself from the sun is actually not a sunscreen at all, it's wearing clothing or getting into the shade.

Why?

Because most sunscreens are loaded with toxic chemicals that can actually accelerate skin cancer, or get into your bloodstream where they can disrupt your hormones. Also, the protection sunscreen manufacturers claim is often misleading due to improper application.

So you don't always need to apply sunscreen, and you definitely do want to get some safe sunlight exposure every day, which has also been shown to help protect against as many as 16 different types of cancer, including; breast, colon, endometrial, esophageal, ovarian, bladder, gallbladder, gastric, pancreatic, prostate, rectal, and renal cancers, as well as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Cotton clothing provides about SPF 15, in other words, you will get about 15-times your skin's normal protection from the sun wherever you cover your body with clothing. Just remember that even with protective clothing on your body, it's still important to monitor your skin for the telltale signs of burning.

Remember, sunburn provides no benefit, and is never good for your skin.

So is Gisele Bundchen Right?
Until very recently all sunscreens did NOT filter out the UVA radiation. They filtered out UVB, ensuring that your body could not make any vitamin D, while letting the UVA through. So there was a strong recommendation from the medical community to use sunscreen, but this advice was actually increasing your risk of cancer while eliminating your body's ability to manufacture vitamin D!

The other issue is what type of chemicals does the sunscreen use to create the barrier against the UVA waves?

The synthetic chemicals often used in sunscreen preparations can get into your bloodstream and can cause all sorts of unwanted toxic side effects, including hormone disruption.

Some of these chemicals include:

OMC (Octyl methoxycinnamate) Octocrylene
Avobenzone Oxybenzone
Homosalate Octinoxatre
Octisalate


So if Gisele was referring to sunscreens containing these hormone-disrupting synthetic chemicals that do not even protect against UVA rays, then she was absolutely right!

Safer Sunscreen Alternatives
However, options do exist to provide safe protection from the sun during times when you may not be able to control the amount of sun exposure you are likely to receive. For instance, if you take your kids to an amusement park or the beach, you might just be in direct sunlight all day.

To get natural sun protection from both UVA and UVB rays, you will want to use a sunscreen product that contains the active ingredients of titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. My research team has put together what we think is superior sun protection and you can find more about it here.

You want to be cautious not to include any vitamin A in your sunscreen, or its derivatives retinol and retinyl palmitate.

Other safe ingredients that will nourish your skin include:

Coconut oil Jojoba oil
Sunflower oil Shea butter
Vitamins D and E Eucalyptus oil

Vitamin A—A Dangerous Sunscreen Additive
The sunscreen industry uses vitamin A in its formulations because it is an anti-oxidant that is thought to slow skin aging. But according to the AOL story cited above, the FDA's study of vitamin A's photocarcinogenic properties revealed that:

"tumors and lesions developed up to 21 percent faster in lab animals coated in a vitamin A-laced cream than animals treated with a vitamin-free cream."

This conclusion came from Environmental Working Group's analysis of the findings released the FDA and the National Toxicology Program.

Why hasn't the FDA released these findings and alerted the public to the possible dangers of using a sunscreen that includes vitamin A or its derivatives?

No one is really certain why the FDA again refuses to listen to its scientists and doctors. But this type of behavior has become standard operating procedure for the FDA, an agency that routinely protects the business interests of corporations instead of following their stated mandate to protect the public health.

Our sunscreen used to have vitamin A in it until I discovered its potential health problems. We immediately removed it, however many other brands still include it in their formulas, so beware, and always check the labels when shopping for sunscreen.

How to Research Your Sunscreen
Thanks to the Environmental Working Group, you are now able to see exactly how your sunscreen rates for safe ingredients and efficacy. Check out EWG's Sunscreen Guide here.

Their website also lists the titanium and zinc containing sunscreens receiving the highest ratings, as well as provides you with some non-mineral options that rank lowest on the toxicity scale.

The site is also a great reference for surprising facts about sunscreen, and also contains a sunscreen hall of shame, showing the absolute worst offenders on the toxicity scale. And lastly, according to their website, 1 in 8 sunscreens sold on the market today still offer no protection against UVA rays!

Astaxanthin as the Hottest New Internal Sunscreen
Yes, a specific nutrient has been identified as being profoundly useful in protecting against sun damage!

Astaxanthin has recently jumped to the front of the line in terms of its status as a "supernutrient," becoming the focus of a large and growing number of peer-reviewed scientific studies. It's produced from marine algae in response to exposure to UV light. This is the way the algae protects itself, so it makes perfect sense that this deeply pigmented substance would have the capacity to "shield" you when it is taken in large enough quantities for a long enough time to saturate your body's tissues. Typically this is several weeks.

One of the benefits of astaxanthin that has piqued the interest of researchers is its ability to reduce signs of aging, by helping protect your skin from sun damage.

Cyanotech Corporation funded a study through an independent consumer research laboratory to measure the skin's resistance to both UVA and UVB light, before and after astaxanthin supplementation. After taking 4mg per day for two weeks, subjects showed a significant increase in the amount of time necessary for UV radiation to redden their skin.

Animal studies lend further evidence to astaxanthin's effects as an internal sunscreen. Consider the following:

•In 1995, hairless mice were fed various combinations of astaxanthin, beta-carotene and retinol for four months. After irradiation, astaxanthin alone or in combination with retinol was substantially effective in preventing photoaging of the skin (as measured by markers for skin damage).
•In a 1998 study with rats, astaxanthin was found to be 100 times stronger than beta-carotene and 1000 times stronger than lutein in preventing UVA light-induced oxidative stress.
•The Journal of Dermatological Science published a study in 2002 finding astaxanthin is able to protect against alterations in human DNA induced by UVA light exposure.
Some Other Tips to Decrease Your Risk of a Burn
Controlling your exposure to the sun is not always possible, and sometimes even the most vigilant of us forget to bring along the proper natural sunscreen when we face overexposure.

So what's the best way to ensure your body is primed to have the best defense against overexposure to the sun's harmful UVA rays?

Consuming a healthy diet full of natural antioxidants has always been a useful strategy in not only staying healthy but also providing your body with the resources to counter damage from exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Fresh, raw, unprocessed foods deliver the nutrients that your body needs to maintain a healthy balance of omega 6 and omega 3 oils in your skin, which is your first line of defense against sunburn.

If you are regularly consuming processed foods and your cells are loaded up mostly with damaged, oxidized fats, you simply aren't giving your skin the proper fat protection it needs at a cellular level.

Fresh, raw vegetables also provide your body with an abundance of powerful anti-oxidants that will help you fight the free radicals caused by sun damage that can lead to burns and cancer.

You can also make sure to wear a cap with a visor to protect your face and eyes from direct sunlight, along with enough clothing to protect your skin from direct sun contact. Most cotton clothing will provide you with about 15 SPF.

Also, I avoid using sunglasses, because I believe your eyes need to receive the full spectrum of light to function optimally, and sunglasses block out some essential waves of the light spectrum. So as you're getting your healthy and necessary daily exposure to direct sunlight to optimize your vitamin D levels, you want to be sure to leave the sunglasses behind.